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motivating Employees in an Organisation EssayMotivating Employees in an Organization S Santosh Contents Chapter 12 Chapter 25 Chapter 310 Chapter 415 Chapter 1 Motivation Concepts and Theories Defining motivation The word motivation comes from the Latin word movere to move. And managers often inspect motivation in exactly those terms (I need to get my people moving ). Motivation is the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal the reason for the action. General motivation is interested with effort towards any goal, whereas effort towards Organizational goals reflects work-related behavior. Many contemporary authors rich person also defined the judgment of motivation. Motivation has been defined as the psychological process that gives behavior purpose and direction (Kreitner, 1995) a predisposition to behave in a purposive manner to achieve specific, unmet needs (Buford, Bedeian, Lindner, 1995) an internal drive to reciprocate an unsa tisfied need (Higgins, 1994) and the will to achieve (Bedeian, 1993). For this paper, motivation is operationally defined as the inner advertize that drives individuals to accomplish personal and organizational goals.We mainly deal with the motivating employees in an organization towards the organizational goal for the benefit of both the organization and the employee. Understanding what be actives employees and how they are motivated was the focus of many researchers following the outcome of the Hawthorne Study results (Terpstra, 1979). Motivation Theories and concepts While there are many theories on motivation, the seven major approaches that have led to our understanding of motivation are the following According to Maslow, employees have five levels of needs (Maslow, 1943) physiological, safety, social, ego, and self- actualizing.Maslow argued that lower berth level needs had to be satisfied before the next higher level need would motivate employees. Herzbergs work categor ized motivation into two factors motivators and hygiene (Herzberg, Mausner, Snyderman, 1959). Motivator or intrinsic factors, such as achievement and recognition, produce hypothesize satisfaction. Hygiene or extrinsic factors, such as pay and job security, produce job dissatisfaction. McClellands Theory of expects which focuses on three needs, namely need for Achievement, Need for power, Need for affiliation.