US and US Government Formation Comparison

US and US Goernment Formation Comparison confine PAGE (Jump to) displayCommunication dodging used by George bush-league and Tony Blair Similarities and DifferencesLITERATURE REVIEW methodologyFINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONReformation of the ram political party comminute gets new supportersThe Tony Blair effectThe Media role of press, tv and documentthe Statesn Value system and Image Differences in the midst of USA and UK- Social, Cultural, Political and ElectoralCONCLUSIONBIBLIOGRAPHYINTRODUCTIONThe political environs of two of the worlds leading countries has al focusings held a degree of amour amongst researchers of planetary dealings and politics. It has perhaps to do with the level of imp moment that the internal and external policies of these two political relations let on the global economy. In this paper, we sh on the whole(prenominal) attempt to under underpin the oddments and similarities between the political setups of the UK and the USA and follow the strategies and tactical manoeuvre of the elected regimes everyplace the past decade or so. At this stage, it is important to point out that in that respect be m whatsoever an a nonher(prenominal)(prenominal) contrasting viewpoints on nearly of the decisions interpreted by the governments of these countries, hopefully they seat in their own way provide an exclusively encompassing picture of the political canvas that surrounds these countries.On the i hand, we shall discuss in detail the formation of the Democratic government with Bill Clinton until the current Re macrocosman government of George bush-league. On the an otherwise(prenominal) side of the Atlantic, we shall visit a different piece of history where Tony Blair and the British Labour Party which has been in power over a great deal the same stream.Beginning with the UK, the Labour Party has been nearly of a trendsetter. It has been in power in the UK since 1992 with its commencement ceremony elected leader as John Sm ith. 2 years later, with the passing away of John Smith, Tony Blair was elected as the leader of the Labour Party and has remained so ever since. The party has been in existence through the most part of the twentieth century and it came into be on the backs of the freehanded labour force during the advent of the industrial revolution in the UK. It has been seen as the vocalization of the population and responsible for many social causes such as the introduction of free education and health care (when it has been in power during non-homogeneous pockets of the 20th century). The NHS (National Health Service) was created by the Labour Party and is the lifeline on which the the great unwashed of Britain are heavily dependent upon. Over the years, the Labour party has excessively been known to be the Peoples party as the name suggests it re indicates the chooses of the quite a microscopic at all levels of society. Interestingly, Tony Blair in the Book The Peoples Party by Wrig ht Carter (1997) mentions that the Labour Party is different from all other parties in Britain for 2 primary reasons. Firstly, it is a relatively new party that has been created over the course of the 20th century and imbibes the modern values and cultural needs of the people. Unlike other parties, it understands the contemporary needs of people and is proxy to the to a greater extent recent callings of the nation. Secondly, the formation of the party did not take family in the urban c commemorate of Westminster. It was created as a result of the needs of the people in the dry landside and in the small towns that lined the UK.The Labour Party was in any case renowned for pass oning in a breath of fresh values and beliefs in comparison to the Conservative Party that had become to be known as the party which didnt bring astir(predicate) changes to the degree required by the people. With Labour in power over the last decade, things bring forth changed today. It all began very well with Tony Blair drafting policies that was well accepted by the people, but ever since the Party has seen a steady decline in support over the years. A few years back, at that break through were reservations that the Labour government could not take the coun audition beyond a certain point. Soon after, Tony Blairs uncompromising support of the US to enter the Iraq War was seen as a shot in the cull for the party. The people were divided in their sen quantifynts on financial backing Labour to take down the Saddam ibn Talal ibn Talal Hussein regime. In their opinion, it was correct to go into Iraq but through the United Nations and not as part of the US Taskforce. The few who believed otherwise began to change their minds after the invasion of Iraq when more and more British soldiers were killed in action. This created grand waves of disappointment in the UK and the support of the British people slowly left Labour. Whilst Tony Blair was re-elected in 2005, it was by the narr owest brim in the decade old history of the government. And all the same though Tony Blair finds himself in power, his position at the routine isnt the best it could be.Moving on to the US side of options and government policies, the most basic difference in the US is that it has adopted a chairial form of government as opposed to the parliamentary system in the UK. Bill Clinton, a democrat was right to voted into power in 1993. This was around the same time that the Labour party came into power in the UK. However, the political turn tail was not a bed of roses for Clinton. His right was questioned with examples macrocosm cited from the Vietnam War of a character issue. At the same time, he was also in person attacked for alleged infidelity which both him and his wife Hillary refuted and embarked on a lean through television interviews and other media vehicles to reassure the the Statesn human bes that they had a strong and work sufficient marriage. To add to this, ju st prior to the resources, the Clintons were involved in what came to be known as the Whitewater Real estate scandal. Through trial in 1996, the partners in the venture were all convicted of fraud whereas the Bill Clinton was never accused of any wrong-doings on his part. The first real challenge that Clinton con confront after creation elected was to allow homosexuals in the armed forces. This was faced with a lot of resentment and he received considerable flak for allowing such a loom to prevail in the military. After much debate, it was agreed that homosexuality would not be used against the people serving in the armed forces more like a Dont ask me and I wint tell policy. Internally, Clinton also faced problems with the issues of welfare reform, the prevention of crime and the healthcare system. The one force field that Clinton really shone was on the international map. He instrumented many successes for the US and built valuable bridges for the coun proves future. Some of these achievements included the comportcasing of America as a friend to the Israel Jordan peace program, an improvement in the relations with Russian by proposing economic benefits to President Boris Yeltsin, tackling the instability and security issues in countries in easterly Europe such as Bosnia and lastly, the improving of relations between the US and India, China and the Far eastern countries. The one significant area which was worked upon together with Tony Blair was the NATO intervention in 1999. Here, the 2 leaders worked to get the NATO to reply to the ethnic cleansing that was taking place in the Serbian capital of Kosovo. As a result, they were able to bomb Serbia for 78 days. However, Clinton did face some degree of criticism of holding back the troops to enter Serbia but was re struggleded soon after since the President of Serbia did sign a peace treaty in the by-line months after the bombing campaign.And Clinton was re-elected and stayed in power till 2001. Dur ing his stint, he was popularly renowned for giving America its most prosperous period in terms of peace and economic well-being. The US faced its worst ever period of unemployment, the highest home ownership in the history of the country and the lowest rate of puffiness as well. The only slur on his tenure came in the form of the Monica Lewinsky Scandal where he was allegedly involved intimately with one of the White House interns. It must be noted that Clinton was the first president to ever appear before a grand jury in an investigation. Over a period of time, the people of the US gradually forgot about this scandal and allowed him to move on with the governing of the country. On the whole, Clinton was out stand uply adept at improving the American equation with a host of countries it had not done so in the past South Africa, India, China and many more curiously in the South East.(http//www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0760626.html)George shrub came into power in the year 2001 as the successor to Bill Clinton. However, he is a Republican and in a short space of time, came to aim an impact on world politics and international relations in a way never cin one caseived before. scourings tenure has been populated wit the play off against terrorism which began with the attack on the World Trade Centre on September 11th 2001. This has been some of a 2 phased campaign against terrorism. Initially, it began with the lookup for Osama Bin mon bosomd, the terrorist responsible for the September 11th attacks and the corresponding hunt to catch him in the country of Afghanistan. More recently, the campaign trail has focused its efforts on the Saddam Hussein regime in Iraq. And this in turn, has divided the American public in their opinion on whether the act of go in Iraq was in fact, justified. The problems for Bush rose closer to the end of his first electoral period when many American soldiers were being killed in Iraq. The people of the US were growing more and more uneasy with the Iraq campaign and Bush was on the verge of losing his chances of being re-elected in the next election. Experts found that Bush had unfortunately unvoiced his efforts and attention too heavily on the war against terror and people were getting tired of it. Additionally, the ordinary man was looking to improve his / her standard of living and with unemployment rising and a stained economic scenario, Bush was looking like he might be in trouble. However, the primary strategy adopted by the Republican administration was to try and highlight the economic benefits that the Bush administration had created over the years and try and push into the back show, the campaign against terrorism and the Iraq War. Add to this, the opposition leader from the Democratic Party did not nurture the political clout to seriously challenge the Republicans. All these ingredients came together to ensure that George Bush was re-elected into power for the flake election term. Ever since hi s second elected term, George Bush and his political policies have stayed relatively sublime in the eyes of the people and the media. What has never ceased to stir interest and conflict in the minds of the people of both the US and the UK is the relationship shared by the two leaders. Both Bush and Blair have been known to share similar political agendas and Tony Blair has received a lot of flak for supporting Bush on the Iraq War and other global political campaigns. The general consensus in the UK is that Tony Blair has not done justice to the UK by bending rearward to the demands of the US. This was once again, explicitly highlighted with growing enumerate of deaths of British soldiers in Iraq. At the time of writing this report, the feel shared by most people is whether the War on Iraq was justified in the first place and was there a need to go in to it supporting the US as opposed to entering Iraq as the United Nations. Unfortunately, the UK has been hit by a wave of terrori st attacks in the last few months and this has make the people much more uncomfortable in the security assurances by the Blair government. Going forward, the relationship between these 2 leaders is forever going to be tested as the people of these countries learn to cognize through problems inflicting upon them.(http//www.whitehouse.gov/)People and Democracy have been long standing battles between governments and masses. There are a lot of issues which are of prime importance to the government for resurrecting their policies and objectives, the people on the other hand have to understand the impact of these policies to determine how they vote for the government and their representative. In the current scenario, the re lections of George Bush and Tony Blair took place amidst a lot of surprise, indignation, horror and laxity, while some people were expecting it, the others had nothing but stingy remarks about how uninformed people are about world issues to bring back leaders like Bu sh and Blair back in the lime light. The highlight and common issue which has plagued both these leaders has been terrorism and the Iraq war. It all excoriationed with the unfortunate 9/11 attacks on the twin towers. In his quest to prove to the American public his commitment to the people, Bush extended his powers to regimes in Iraq and other places which were supposed breeding grounds for the likes of Osama Bin Laden and terrorism. Tony Blair in his quest to support the American government participated in the war at an equal footing. The people and nation in USA and UK has harnessed a notion of beseech against terror yet the public has been against the governments initiatives.Communication strategy used by George Bush and Tony Blair Similarities and DifferencesCanvassingApproach and messagingPublic MeetingsAgendas for these meetings Iraq, Health, Taxation, Drugs, Education, Homeland Security, National Security and EnvironmentAdvertisementsPress RelationsCommunication is a bra wny tool which has been used many a times to gain power and win elections. The communication strategy can be based on various levels covering press releases, campaigns, canvassing, advertisement and mailers among other avenues. even so then the communication strategy used in USA differs a great deal from that of UK this willing be discussed and dissected later in another section.LITERATURE REVIEWRichards Paul(2001) in his book, How to win an election talks about preparation and planning, the different tribes of politics, planning a campaign, direct campaigning and indirect campaigning.alternatives are probably one of the most components which differentiate a popular society from a non democratic society. An election is what makes a democracy work when people truly have a right to vote and exact who is their representative and who would drive and support their. General elections go down which party goes ahead and forms a government and also how the politics and economy work for a country. There have been various attempts to increase interest in elections and their outcomes. In UK, the home office came up with a list of variations-Polling hours variations in polling hours to allow different start or finish times.Polling days moving polling to an alternative weekday or a day at the pass or allowing voting over more than one day.Early voting opening a restrain number of polling offices in the period before polling day at accessible locations to allow any eligible elector to vote.Mobile polling providing a mobile polling station which could take the ballot box to groups of voters, for example, by visiting residential and convalescent homes.Out of area voting allowing electors to vote at any polling station in the electoral area, or even outside itAll postal ballots allowing an election to be held on the basis of postal voting onlyElectronic voting supplementing polling booths and polling stations with automated voting equipment, call back voting or online r emote voting via the internet.Richards Paul (2001), p 20-70No election can be fought in isolation there are always background issues which have relevance to the election and campaigning. In September 2000 the British government almost came to a halt due to the widely proclaimed flatulency price protests, yet no politician or government was prepared for this action and its repercussions. Candi ascertains who are seen as rising stars could soon be biting dust history is littered with example of failed careers as plan politicians have lost their claim to fame due to the unpredictable ways of elections. Elections have always been a ground of unpredictability and surprises, who would have thought that Winston Churchill after his brilliant win in the year 1940 would be miserably defeated in 1945. The conservatives suffered badly in the year 2001 when Tony Blair defeated them with a massive victory. One does not need massive knowledge about political theory and how it works to know that elections are stochastic and unpredictable. The reason being, that elections are all about people, people who decide who they ask to vote for or who they want to disregard based on their perceptions. People are beyond scientific interpretation or calculations, how they fight down and what the do is beyond anyones understanding of the human psyche. Interestingly so the way people bring a brand of washing liquid is probably the way they choose their next political leader. Elections need a lot of research and manpower there are strategists, campaigners, sociologists, pollsters who work on the way the votes would shiver in a direction. There is intense study involved about the last elections and the way they panned, the way people reacted to the campaign and the activities undertaken by the previous government. Modern politics has become an art, the most opposedly vista can sweep house, and how does one explain the theory behind the victory of George W. Bush? Although politicians will try to sway the way voters work but in a democratic society it is always tricky to understand what really make the people tick. A lot of incidents in political history show how elections can actually sway either way for any candidate and no amount of self-reliance can confirm the victory or loss in a campaign. In the April 1970, Prime take care Harold Wilson was extremely fond of using a football metaphor, If I were a football manager, on present form I would be more worried about job security than I am a prime minister. Harold Wilson lost the elections in June, 1970, his confidence in his victory was based on real time facts like good poll ratings, sound majority in the House of Commons, media and friend opinion led him to think so. Richards Paul (2001), p. 45-55 Yet the voters had other ideas in mind, despite all the facts pointing in the direction of a straight win, Wilson lost badly. So no matter how one campaigns, votes cannot be taken for granted as situations can ch ange really fast.Election campaigns are a very big-ticket(prenominal) task, consuming hundreds of millions for resources like advertising, media, posters, television broadcasts, direct mail and canvassing. In short winning an election is a tough job and a risky business. Politics is similar to fashion, it runs of trends and fads which are hard to predict and adopt. Election campaigns are also dependent on unforeseen circum stances which can prop up anytime, scandals, emit press criticism, reports and issues which can blow the campaign in minutes. Campaigns are dictated by what Harold Macmillan calls events dear boy, events, they cannot be run with static rules, one need to get innovative and adapt to the current environment and what it seeks. A set of tactics is not what drives one to political victory its the form of changing and study from others mistakes and best known practices. As the soviet foreign minister said to Ernest Bevin, the disadvantage of free elections is that yo u can never be sure who is going to win them. Richards Paul (2001), p 30-40Richard Paul (2001, p. 65 75) says opposite than the artistry of the campaign, there is science too. There are components and buildings blocks of a campaign which are crucial to standing a chance. There are the techniques tested against real experience and real elections, and the accumulated knowledge of a thousand campaigns and campaigners. There are a plenty of representative politicians in office today all over the world who owe their positions of power not to have a better ideas or even a majority of support, but thanks to better organization. The result of the 2000 US presidential election was obdurate on the tiniest margins, was won by an organization the ability to get out the vote.This takes us to how much a campaign contributes in the election results and which way they go. Political choices are made by voters not just by weeks and months of campaigning. Neil Connock famously said that elections are won in years, not weeks, the voters get to decide whom they vote for based on a combination on reasons, one of them being a campaign which serves a reminder of what has been done in the past. Analyst David Butler echoes the idea of a campaign as a ritual. He says, The campaign may to some extent be a ritual dance, a three-week repetition of well-aired themes, making no substantial net difference to the outcome. British elections are usually won over the long haul. A very large proportion of people vote out of loyalty, supporting the party that they and their parents too have always supported those that change their minds are usually converted, not because of the last three weeks, but over the months and years because of an accumulated impression, positive or negative, and of the values and the performance of advert parties.Richards Paul (2001), p. 50 65Politics in America has been an integral part of internationalist Politics and it affects all nations. If we look at the Ame rican political and electoral process and their sharpnessful history, it would help understand how democratic they are in their ways. Richard Maidment and Anthony Mcbrew (1993) in their book, the American political process, talk about liberal democracy in the American political system. The language of the current American politics can leave little doubt in our minds that its all about democrats and upholding the values and power of democracy where the public and voters stand the strongest. A very important factor which distinguishes the American society and the people also its political stance is the society. The lack of class consciousness in the American society, the heterogeneous religious and social environment also the lack of feudal system has made it into such a democratic society. The American attitude towards government politics has been very individualistic. The stress has always been on the American offices being run by a place of legality and enshrined in the view that this is what makes this society and political distinctive. The nation is so heterogeneous in its approach and outlook that its difficult to pinpoint the political culture. The American politicians have had a large share of history and legacy to deal with, the American history which needs the same culture to carry on. The politicians need to make their own choices of public policy options all of which need acceptance on a wider level within the system. It just means that the boundaries are being stretched and the politicians and political systems so that there is a room for more man oeuvre.George Bush had a lot to inherit and manage considering that they were taking over from the Reagan administration right at the beginning of his political career. In 1989, the relationship between the Soviet sum total and the USA were brimming the brightest and that the time due to a lot of positive activity in easter Europe the USAs position was fairly strong. In this light of the American politi cal system one does need to consider the importance of congress in the political arena of America. The congress has always been an important aspect of the American election and political arena. In 1985, Woodrow Wilson wrote of the congress It is unquestionably the predominant and despotic force, the center and source of all motive and of all regulative power the legislature is the aggressive flavorit has entered more and more into the details of administration, until it has virtually taken into its own hands all the substantial powers of governmentI know not how better to describe our form of government in a atomic number 53 phrase than by calling it a government by the chairman of the standing committees of congress (Wilson, 1956, pp.31, 44, 49, 52)Richard Maidment and Anthony Mcbrew (1993), p 110-140Some years later another very distinguished gentleman who took great care in understanding the American society said, Congress has been the branch government with the largest facili ties for usurping the powers of the other branches, and probably with the most dispositions to do so. It has succeeded in occupying nearly all of the area which the constitution left vacant and unallocated between the second governing it established. (Bryce, 1889, Vol.2, pp. 711-12). Richard Maidment and Anthony Mcbrew (1993), p 140-180Brian White, Richard Little and Michael smith (1997) in their book, Issues in World Politics, talks about the political environment across the world, states and statehood, trade money and markets, regions, development and inequality, arms and arms control, nationalism and ethnic conflict, environment and earthy resources. An important aspect of todays political systems and elections is the role media plays in keeping everyone informed. All the data that we now receive locally, nationally or internationally is thanks to media which may come in various forms like television, radio, newspaper and the modern internet communications. Information is now available free and easy unlike the olden days when a lot of places were thought to be remote and so information travelled slower than usual. All that has changed now, all the political issues and what affects the leaders from coming to power is all available on media. The media is playing an important role now where globalization is making the world a smaller place. psyche like George Bush had to see CNN to understand the Iraq situation since it brought the latest news to the public. The elections use the television as a medium to get their message across to the public and let them know of the work being undertaken by them. All of the canvassing and public debates between political opponents are covered by television on a global scale so that countries across continents have complete up to date knowledge about the happenings. Elections in USA and UK the world super powers are an important place for international policies or national policies which will affect other countries that a re in business/trade with them. The plectron of the political leader is also an important cause since it determines the amiability or hostility of maintaining relationships with leaders of some countries. The two last most controversial elections have been that of George Bush in USA and Tony Blair in UK especially in the wake of the much controversial Iraq war. A lot of movies, documentaries and new articles have since then been create trying to give the general public across continents a more varied and comprehensive insight into the election process and what tipped the scales in favour of the two most contentious leaders. The American president has been surrounded with controversy since the twin tour attacks and his rebuttal to that, the capture of Saddam Hussein and finally the Iraq war which is a dark reality which has still not ended. The civil disputes are ongoing between the military and anti social elements in that society trying to keep the dispute ongoing. USA has been at the manoeuvre of lot of international criticism all this has been made possible due to the regular broadcasts and news items being provided by television and other media mediums.An interesting name in media who has brought a lot to the fore front and what George Bush has really set out to do is Michael Moore. His book, Dude, wheres my country? is an attempt to uncover some truth and factual information about George Bush, his strategies in the past, terrorism, the use of tax issues to buy the public vote and America the liberal paradise which is no more. The book is a poignant account of how much has changed in America the land of the free under the regime of George Bush who has worked on his terms and conditions against popular demands and International interventions. The history for this big calamity is set in the time when Bill Clinton was the USA president. He being a liberal did not use radical moves to counter attack everyone considered Americas enemy. Clinton was a popular leader by choice who really put USA up there as the world super power and not so by doing direct attacks on countries like Iraq and other nations who presented a threat to Americas prosperity. It was during the regime of Bill Clinton that one learnt in the 1990s how to fight all the wars yet keep the losses of the Americans to a bare minimum. Clinton closed down bases, reduced the number of troops, and funneled money into other projects which were indirect attacks on other nations but without jeopardizing the lives of many Americans. The Clinton era built America to become a high tech lean machine which is was really helped pentagon and the Bush government in fighting back the terrorist attacks.The book further goes on to pin the blames of the terrorist attacks in USA on George Bush and his former collaboration with the Bin Laden family. The book is highly controversial in nature as it makes factual claims about Bin Ladens close association with America and with the Bush family. c ondescension all this being published openly in the wake of the attacks and the negative profiling George Bush underwent, he still came back successful in the next elections which followed. Is this a surprise or does it contain more fact about the truth in brainwashing the public voters into believing what one wants them to. George Bush in a very strategic move has used the war to win the elections he has put the panic of public safety and the war against terrorism to pass more and more acts which give them control over public records, their activities and lives. The patriotic act is one such act which takes a bite out of American democracy and freedom of speech and action. George Bush has effectively used the wars to tell the public that he won these for them and that all his actions are only to serve and protect the American public. Although there is democracy its more under pressure that people practice the same for the fear of prosecution under these new acts which give the gov ernment and officials more control over a citizens life.Some of the information in this book is perceptive and frightening as it explores all the dirty facts which have been so far hidden from the public eye but the most inspiring fact is that the man embroiled in such controversy is once again been reelected as president of Unites states of America. The defense budget was increased drastically in the wake of these attacks and the office was in sync with these efforts given the attacks and the inkling of more such attacks in the future. Also George Bush has had a powerful ally in UK, Tony Blair who has